King Lear In Plain and Simple English (Digital Download)
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Unravel the Descent: "King Lear" Reimagined for Today's Readers


The tale of "King Lear" is one of Shakespeare's most heart-wrenching and poignant dramas, centering around a father's fall from grace and the ensuing calamity that befalls his divided kingdom. As Lear divides his estate based on superficial praise, he ignites a series of events that spirals into chaos, madness, and profound tragedy.


Yet, as profound as Shakespeare's masterpiece is, it can sometimes be a labyrinth of Elizabethan intricacies that challenges even the most seasoned reader.


Fear not, for BookCaps brings you a lifeline. Presenting a modern translation of "King Lear", this rendition breaks down the barriers between Shakespeare's time and ours, allowing the timeless tale of hubris, love, and loss to shine brightly for a new generation. Alongside the fresh translation, this edition also offers the original text, enabling a side-by-side comparison for those who wish to traverse both worlds.


Whether you're a student, an enthusiast, or someone simply looking for a more digestible version of a classic, dive into this renewed "King Lear". Experience the dramatic depths of Shakespeare's genius, made vividly accessible for today's readers.

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Character Analysis

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MODERN KING LEAR PLOT SUMMARY

Shakespeare’s King Lear was based on a mythical story of an ancient king of pre-Christian Britain.  The story likely had elements of truth to it, but Shakespeare presented it in a more contemporary format that his audiences could understand.  


King Lear, an aged monarch, has decided to divide his kingdom up among his three daughters Goneril, Regan, and Cordelia.  Goneril is married to the Duke of Albany and Regan to the Duke of Cornwall.  Cordelia is still single, and two men are residing in court, competing for her hand in marriage (and her dowry) – the King of France and the Duke of Burgundy.  


When Lear calls his servants, retainers, court and family together he is pleased with the obsequious flattery he receives at the hand of his two older daughters, Goneril and Regan.  He does not realize that they are probably already scheming to take away all of his power.  Lear has decided to give control over to his daughters and their husbands but not to relinquish quite everything – he fully expects to retain some influence at court and be given the respect due a monarch of his age and experience.


Lear’s third daughter, his favorite, Cordelia, refuses to use false flattery with her father and he is outraged and decides to cut her dowry down to a miniscule size.  The King of France, smitten by Cordelia, wishes to marry her regardless, and they are sent from the kingdom back to France.


In a subplot that mirrors the main story, one of Lear’s supporters, the Earl of Gloucester is soon betrayed by his illegitimate son Edmund – who tells him his legitimate son Edgar is plotting against it.  Goneril and Regan have already turned against their father with the avid support of Regan’s husband the Duke of Cornwall.  They alienate the Earl of Kent, who is sent away by Lear, believing him to be unfaithful to his King.  In time,  Gloucester is blinded by the Duke of Cornwall and is helped by his son Edgar, now banished and disguised as a peasant.


One stormy night, after being bitterly disappointed by his second daughter, Regan, Lear blunders out into the night, ranting that he cannot take such treatment any longer.  His Fool, formerly a servant of Cordelia’s, goes with him, and protects the King, who is clearly becoming unhinged.  Eventually, they hide in a shelter with Edgar, who is posing as a peasant named Tom. 


In time,  the news comes that the King of France has landed, coming to the aid of Lear.  However, Edmund has managed to find enough troops to support his cause, and attacks the French at Dover.  Cordelia is in the camp there, and is reunited with her father, and their differences resolved.  Edmund takes Cordelia and Lear prisoner, and Gloucester and Edgar are also at Dover, and Gloucester dies, but not before Edgar reveals his true identity.  Edmund defeats the French and orders Cordelia to be hanged, which brings on Lear’s sudden death.  Meanwhile, Goneril has killed Regan and then herself as a result of their rivalry over Edmund.


Edgar kills Edmund and now that all the protagonists are gone, it is left up to him, and the Earl of Kent to restore the kingdom.

EXCERPT FROM KING LEAR IN PLAIN AND SIMPLE ENGLISH

SCENE I. King Lear's palace. Enter KENT, GLOUCESTER, and EDMUND

KENT

I thought the king had more affected the Duke of

Albany than Cornwall.

I thought the King preferred the Duke of

Albany over Cornwall.

GLOUCESTER

It did always seem so to us: but now, in the

division of the kingdom, it appears not which of

the dukes he values most; for equalities are so

weighed, that curiosity in neither can make choice

of either's moiety.

I always thought so too; but now, in the way

he's split up the kingdom, one can't see which of

the Dukes he prefers; it is so finely

balanced that neither would be able to say

that he prefers the other's portion.

KENT

Is not this your son, my lord?

Isn't this your son, my lord?

GLOUCESTER

His breeding, sir, hath been at my charge: I have

so often blushed to acknowledge him, that now I am

brazed to it.

He was brought up, Sir, at my expense: I have

so often been embarrassed to admit he's mine

that now I'm quite hardened to it.

KENT

I cannot conceive you.

I can't make you out.

GLOUCESTER

Sir, this young fellow's mother could: whereupon

she grew round-wombed, and had, indeed, sir, a son

for her cradle ere she had a husband for her bed.

Do you smell a fault?

Sir, this young fellow's mother could: and so

her womb swelled and in fact she had a son

in the cradle before she had a husband in her bed.

Do you think that's wrong?

KENT

I cannot wish the fault undone, the issue of it

being so proper.

I wouldn't wish it any different, given there's

such a good result.

GLOUCESTER

But I have, sir, a son by order of law, some year

elder than this, who yet is no dearer in my account:

though this knave came something saucily into the

world before he was sent for, yet was his mother

fair; there was good sport at his making, and the

whoreson must be acknowledged. Do you know this

noble gentleman, Edmund?

But I have, sir, a legitimate son, a year

older than this one, whom I don't rate as more important:

although this scoundrel came rather cheekily into

the world before he was wanted, his mother was

beautiful; conceiving him was good fun, and the

bastard must be acknowledged. Do you know this

noble gentleman, Edmund?

EDMUND

No, my lord.

No, my lord.

GLOUCESTER

My lord of Kent: remember him hereafter as my

honourable friend.

The Earl of Kent: from now on always remember that he is

my honored friend.

EDMUND

My services to your lordship.

At your Lordship's service.

KENT

I must love you, and sue to know you better.

We must be friends, and I will try to get to know you better.

EDMUND

Sir, I shall study deserving.

Sir, I shall try to deserve the compliment.

GLOUCESTER

He hath been out nine years, and away he shall

again. The king is coming.

Sennet. Enter KING LEAR, CORNWALL, ALBANY, GONERIL, REGAN, CORDELIA, and Attendants

He's been abroad for nine years, and he'll be

going back. The King is coming.

KING LEAR

Attend the lords of France and Burgundy, Gloucester.

Go and look after the lords of France and Burgundy, Gloucester.

GLOUCESTER

I shall, my liege.

Exeunt GLOUCESTER and EDMUND

I shall, my lord.

KING LEAR

Meantime we shall express our darker purpose.

Give me the map there. Know that we have divided

In three our kingdom: and 'tis our fast intent

To shake all cares and business from our age;

Conferring them on younger strengths, while we

Unburthen'd crawl toward death. Our son of Cornwall,

And you, our no less loving son of Albany,

We have this hour a constant will to publish

Our daughters' several dowers, that future strife

May be prevented now. The princes, France and Burgundy,

Great rivals in our youngest daughter's love,

Long in our court have made their amorous sojourn,

And here are to be answer'd. Tell me, my daughters,--

Since now we will divest us both of rule,

Interest of territory, cares of state,--

Which of you shall we say doth love us most?

That we our largest bounty may extend

Where nature doth with merit challenge. Goneril,

Our eldest-born, speak first.

In the meantime I shall reveal my secret plan.

Give me that map. Be aware that I have divided

my kingdom into three: I am determined

to throw off all work and duty in my old age;

I will hand them over to younger men, while I

crawl towards death unencumbered. Our son Cornwall,

and you, just as loving son Albany,

I have determined that today I will announce

the different dowries of my daughters, so that

we can nip any future disputes in the bud. The Princes of France and Burgundy,

great rivals for the love of my youngest daughter,

have been staying in my court, out of love, for a long time,

and will be given my decision today. Tell me, my daughters–

since I am now throwing off my kingship,

ownership of land and the cares of state–

which of you shall we say loves me the most?

The biggest share will go to the one where merit most enhances nature. Goneril,

my firstborn, you speak first.

GONERIL

Sir, I love you more than words can wield the matter;

Dearer than eye-sight, space, and liberty;

Beyond what can be valued, rich or rare;

No less than life, with grace, health, beauty, honour;

As much as child e'er loved, or father found;

A love that makes breath poor, and speech unable;

Beyond all manner of so much I love you.

Sir, I love you more than words can express;

more than my eyesight, my freedom and my liberty;

more than anything of value, expensive or rare;

as much as life, grace, health, beauty, honor;

I am the most loving child ever, no father could find better;

my love makes me breathless and speechless;

I love you beyond all expression.

CORDELIA

[Aside] What shall Cordelia do?

Love, and be silent.

What shall Cordelia do?

You must love, and be silent.

LEAR

Of all these bounds, even from this line to this,

With shadowy forests and with champains rich'd,

With plenteous rivers and wide-skirted meads,

We make thee lady: to thine and Albany's issue

Be this perpetual. What says our second daughter,

Our dearest Regan, wife to Cornwall? Speak.

All of this territory, from this line to this,

full of shady forests and open plains,

with many rivers and extensive meadows,

we make you the lady of: this shall be handed down to your children

in perpetuity. What does my second daughter say,

dearest Regan, the wife of Cornwall? Speak.

REGAN

Sir, I am made

Of the self-same metal that my sister is,

And prize me at her worth. In my true heart

I find she names my very deed of love;

Only she comes too short: that I profess

Myself an enemy to all other joys,

Which the most precious square of sense possesses;

And find I am alone felicitate

In your dear highness' love.

Sir, I am

identical in this way to my sister,

and of equal merit. She has

spoken everything that is in my heart,

only she falls short: I have to say

that no other happiness means anything to me,

nothing which the highest sense could feel;

the only thing that makes me happy

is your dear highness' love.

CORDELIA

[Aside] Then poor Cordelia!

And yet not so; since, I am sure, my love's

More richer than my tongue.

This is bad for you Cordelia!

And yet it isn't, since I'm sure that my love

is more than I can say.

KING LEAR

To thee and thine hereditary ever

Remain this ample third of our fair kingdom;

No less in space, validity, and pleasure,

Than that conferr'd on Goneril. Now, our joy,

Although the last, not least; to whose young love

The vines of France and milk of Burgundy

Strive to be interess'd; what can you say to draw

A third more opulent than your sisters? Speak.

You and your descendants for ever

shall have this large third of my beautiful country;

it's no less spacious, profitable or lovely

than Goneril's share. Now, the light of my eye,

last but not least; the one whose young love

the Dukes of France and Burgundy

are fighting to win; what can you say to get

a richer third than your sisters? Speak.

CORDELIA

Nothing, my lord.

Nothing, my lord.

KING LEAR

Nothing!

Nothing!

CORDELIA

Nothing.

Nothing.

KING LEAR

Nothing will come of nothing: speak again.

You won't get anything for nothing: try again.

CORDELIA

Unhappy that I am, I cannot heave

My heart into my mouth: I love your majesty

According to my bond; nor more nor less.

I'm sorry, but I cannot force myself

to express my feelings: I love your Majesty

just as I should; no more nor less.

KING LEAR

How, how, Cordelia! mend your speech a little,

Lest it may mar your fortunes.

What's this, Cordelia! You should speak differently,

or you'll talk yourself out of your fortune.

CORDELIA

Good my lord,

You have begot me, bred me, loved me: I

Return those duties back as are right fit,

Obey you, love you, and most honour you.

Why have my sisters husbands, if they say

They love you all? Haply, when I shall wed,

That lord whose hand must take my plight shall carry

Half my love with him, half my care and duty:

Sure, I shall never marry like my sisters,

To love my father all.

My good lord,

you've  fathered me, brought me up and loved me: I

repay you in the proper way,

by obeying you, loving you and honoring you.

Why do my sisters have husbands, if they say

that all their love is for you? When and if I marry,

the lord who takes my hand will also get

half my love, of my attention and care:

I certainly will not marry like my sisters,

only having love for my father.

KING LEAR

But goes thy heart with this?

Are you speaking from the heart?

CORDELIA

Ay, good my lord.

Yes, my good lord.

KING LEAR

So young, and so untender?

You're so young and so hardhearted?

CORDELIA

So young, my lord, and true.

So young, my lord, and honest.

KING LEAR

Let it be so; thy truth, then, be thy dower:

For, by the sacred radiance of the sun,

The mysteries of Hecate, and the night;

By all the operation of the orbs

From whom we do exist, and cease to be;

Here I disclaim all my paternal care,

Propinquity and property of blood,

And as a stranger to my heart and me

Hold thee, from this, for ever. The barbarous Scythian,

Or he that makes his generation messes

To gorge his appetite, shall to my bosom

Be as well neighbour'd, pitied, and relieved,

As thou my sometime daughter.

So be it; let your honesty be your dowry then:

by the holy light of the sun,

these secrets of the underworld and the night;

by the movement of the stars

which mark our births and deaths;

I hereby disown all my fatherly duties,

family relations and blood ties,

and declare that you are now a stranger to my heart and me

forever, from this moment on. The barbarian Scythian,

or the ones who make their parents into stews

to assuage their appetites, shall be as close

to my heart, just as helped and pitied

as you, who was once my daughter.

KENT

Good my liege,--

My good Lord–

KING LEAR

Peace, Kent!

Come not between the dragon and his wrath.

I loved her most, and thought to set my rest

On her kind nursery. Hence, and avoid my sight!

So be my grave my peace, as here I give

Her father's heart from her! Call France; who stirs?

Call Burgundy. Cornwall and Albany,

With my two daughters' dowers digest this third:

Let pride, which she calls plainness, marry her.

I do invest you jointly with my power,

Pre-eminence, and all the large effects

That troop with majesty. Ourself, by monthly course,

With reservation of an hundred knights,

By you to be sustain'd, shall our abode

Make with you by due turns. Only we still retain

The name, and all the additions to a king;

The sway, revenue, execution of the rest,

Beloved sons, be yours: which to confirm,

This coronet part betwixt you.

Giving the crown

Quiet, Kent!

Do not come between the Dragon and his victim.

I loved her the most, and thought that she

would look after me in my retirement. Get out, don't let me see you again!

There will be no peace this side of the grave, and I take

her father's heart away from her! Call France; who's going to do it?

Call Burgundy. Cornwall and Albany,

take this extra third along with my two daughters' dowries:

let her marry her pride, which she calls honesty;

I give you both my power to share,

my superiority and all the other privileges

of kingship.  I shall stay with you month and month about

with a retinue of a hundred knights, which you shall pay for.

I shall keep the title of King, and the honours due to it;

the power, income and administration of the rest

is yours, beloved sons: to confirm this

you can split this crown between you.
Translation missing: en.general.search.loading